💡 CNS Inflammation
Autoimmune & Paraneoplastic Encephalitides
Canadian Consensus Guidelines (2024) 🇨🇦
Autoimmune Encephalitis Diagnosis (2016) 🌐
Paraneoplastic Diagnostic Criteria (2021) 🌐
Antibody Prevalence in Epilepsy and Encephalopathy (APE2) (Mayo Clinic, 2018) 🇺🇸
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
2024 Revisions of the McDonald Criteria (2025) 🌐
Flowchart (2025)
MRI criteria (2025)
CSF criteria (2025)
OCT criteria (2025)
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders (NMOSD)
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-associated Disease (MOGAD)
MOGAD diagnostic criteria (2023) 🌐
💡 Cognitive & Behavioural Neurology
Alzheimer’s Disease
Revised criteria for Alzheimer’s disease (2024) 🇺🇸
Dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease (2011) 🇺🇸
MCI due to Alzheimer’s disease (2011) 🇺🇸
Dementia with Lewy Bodies
Frontotemporal Dementia
Other Dementias
Primary Progressive Aphasia (2011) 🌐
Posterior Cortical Atrophy (2017) 🌐
⚡ Epilepsy
International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) 🌐
Updated 2025 Classification (2025)
Onset in Childhood (2022)
Onset at a Variable Age (2022)
💢 Headache
# Primary Headaches
Primary headaches
Migraine (ICHD-3, 2018) 🌐
Trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TACs) (ICHD-3, 2018) 🌐
Tension-type headache (ICHD-3, 2018) 🌐
# Secondary Headaches
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) (2018) 🌐 [full article]
Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) (2023) 🇬🇧
Headache attributed to low CSF pressure (ICHD-3, 2018) 🌐
Neuralgias (ICHD-3, 2018) 🌐
🛑 Red Flags of Secondary Headaches
SNOOP4 (American Headache Society, 2021) 🇺🇸
Systemic symptoms and signs
Neurologic symptoms or signs
Onset sudden
Older age at onset (>50 years)
Pattern change/progression
Precipitated by Valsalva maneuver
Positional aggravation
Papilledema
SNOOP10 (Neurology, 2019) 🇨🇦
🤯 Thunderclap Headache
Definition
“A thunderclap headache is defined as a sudden onset headache reaching maximum intensity in <1 minute and lasting >5 minutes.” - Karsan & Goadsby (2023) 🇬🇧 [full paper]
🌀 Movement Disorders
Hypokinetic movement disorders
Parkinson’s disease (PD) (MDS, 2015) 🌐
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) (MDS, 2017) 🌐
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) (MDS, 2022) 🌐
🧬 Neurocutaneous Disorders
Familial Tumour Syndromes
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) (2021) 🌐
NF2-related schwannomatosis (formerly NF2 / Neurofibromatosis type 2) (2022) 🌐
Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) (2021) 🌐
von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL) (2022) 🌐
Vascular Neurocutaneous Syndromes
Sturge-Weber Syndrome (2023) 🇪🇸
Sturge-Weber Syndrome (ILAE, 2022) 🌐
Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT) (Curaçao criteria) (2000) 🌐 [full paper]
🩸 Vascular Neurology
# Ischemic Stroke Etiological Classifications
ASCOD (2013) 🌐
Atherosclerosis
Small-vessel disease
Cardiac pathology
Other cause
Dissection
TOAST (Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment) (1993) 🇺🇸
Large-artery atherosclerosis
Cardioembolism
Small-artery occlusion (lacune)
Other cause
Stroke of undetermined etiology
Causative Classification of Stroke System (CCS) (2010) 🌐
Supra-aortic large-artery atherosclerosis
Cardioaortic embolism
Small-artery occlusion
Other uncommon causes
Undetermined
THROMBEX (2021) 🇩🇪 - classification limited to embolic strokes
Cardioembolic
Arterioembolic
Other
Embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS)
# Stroke Scales
NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) (2024) 🇺🇸
NIHSS calculator (MDCalc) 🇺🇸
Canadian TIA score (2021) 🇨🇦
Canadian TIA score calculator (MDCalc)
ABCD2 score (2007) 🌐
ABCD2 calculator (MDCalc)
# Vascular Imaging
Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) (2000) 🇨🇦
ASPECTS discussion (Radiopaedia)
ASPECTS calculator (MDCalc)
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA)
Boston 2.0 criteria (MRI-based) (2022) 🌐 [full paper]
Edinburgh criteria (CT-based) (2018) 🇬🇧 [full paper]
Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS)
RCVS2 clinical score (2019) 🇧🇷 [full paper]
RCVS diagnostic criteria (2012) 🇫🇷