Ischemic Stroke
Classification of Ischemic Stroke
# Etiologies Overall
ASCOD (2013) 🌐
Atherosclerosis
Small-vessel disease
Cardiac pathology
Other cause
Dissection
TOAST (Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment) (1993) 🇺🇸
Large-artery atherosclerosis
Cardioembolism
Small-artery occlusion (lacune)
Other cause
Stroke of undetermined etiology
Causative Classification of Stroke System (CCS) (2010) 🌐
Supra-aortic large-artery atherosclerosis
Cardioaortic embolism
Small-artery occlusion
Other uncommon causes
Undetermined
# Types of Embolic Strokes
THROMBEX (2021) 🇩🇪
Cardioembolic
Arterioembolic
Other
Embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS)
Diagnosis of Ischemic Stroke
# Examination
NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) (2024) 🇺🇸
NIHSS calculator (MDCalc) 🇺🇸
Canadian TIA score (2021) 🇨🇦
Canadian TIA score calculator (MDCalc)
ABCD2 score (2007) 🌐
ABCD2 calculator (MDCalc)
# Imaging
Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) (2000) 🇨🇦
ASPECTS discussion (Radiopaedia)
ASPECTS calculator (MDCalc)
Management of Ischemic Stroke
# Hyperacute Stroke
Canada Stroke Best Practices (2022) 🇨🇦
Time Windows (2022) 🇨🇦
IV Thrombolysis Criteria (2022) 🇨🇦
EVT Criteria (2022) 🇨🇦
Extended EVT window Criteria (2022) 🇨🇦
American Stroke Association (2019) 🇺🇸
# Complications of IV Thrombolysis
American Stroke Association (2019) 🇺🇸
# Secondary Stroke Prevention
Canada Stroke Best Practices (2022) 🇨🇦
💊 Medications
# Antiplatelet
Acetylsalicylic acid
HRES Product Monograph (2021) 🇨🇦
Clopidogrel (Plavix)
HRES Product Monograph (2020) 🇨🇦
FDA Product Monograph (2009) 🇺🇸
Ticagrelor (Brilinta)
HRES Product Monograph (2021) 🇨🇦
FDA Product Monograph (2020) 🇺🇸
# Anticoagulation
DOAC Comparison (Thrombosis Canada, 2023) 🇨🇦
DOAC Interactions (Thrombosis Canada, 2020) 🇨🇦
Apixaban (Eliquis)
HRES Product Monograph (2019) 🇨🇦
FDA Product Monograph (2014) 🇺🇸
Rivaroxaban (Xarelto)
HRES Product Monograph (2021) 🇨🇦
FDA Product Monograph (2021) 🇺🇸
Edoxaban (Lixiana, Savaysa)
HRES Product Monograph (2021) 🇨🇦
FDA Product Monograph (2015) 🇺🇸
Dabigatran (Pradaxa)
HRES Product Monograph (2019) 🇨🇦
FDA Product Monograph (2015) 🇺🇸
Warfarin (Coumadin)
HRES Product Monograph (2017) 🇨🇦
FDA Product Monograph (2017) 🇺🇸
📑 Landmark Trials
IV Thrombolysis
Retrospective (2015)
Retrospective (2010)
DAPT for high-risk TIA and minor stroke
Editorial (NEJM, 2023)
Anticoagulation for Afib after stroke
Low-Dose Edoxaban in Very Elderly Patients with Atrial Fibrillation (ELDERCARE-AF) (2020) 🇯🇵
Early versus Later Anticoagulation for Stroke with Atrial Fibrillation (ELAN) (2023) 🌐